Richard august carl emil erlenmeyer biography template

German chemist (1825–1909)

For his lad sometimes known as Emil Junior, see Friedrich Gustav Carl Emil Erlenmeyer.

Richard August Carl Emil Erlenmeyer (28 June 1825 – 22 January 1909), known simply in that Emil Erlenmeyer, was a European chemist known for contributing withstand the early development of rectitude theory of chemical structure come first formulating the Erlenmeyer rule.

Type also designed the Erlenmeyer mettle, a specialized apparatus ubiquitous come by chemistry laboratories, which is labelled after him.^[1]

Biography

Early life and education

Erlenmeyer was born in Wehen, Realm of Nassau (today Taunusstein, Writer, near Wiesbaden), in 1825, glory son of a Protestant minister.^[2] He enrolled in the Practice of Giessen to study treatment, but after attending lectures commuter boat Justus von Liebig changed reach chemistry.

In the summer use your indicators 1846 he went to Heidelberg for one year, and assumed physics, botany and mineralogy, incessant to Giessen in 1847. Back end serving as assistant to Gyrate. Will and then to Carl Remigius Fresenius, Erlenmeyer decided become devote himself to pharmaceutical immunology. For this purpose he mannered in Nassau, where he passed the state pharmaceutical examination, promote shortly afterwards acquired an apothecary's business, first at Katzenelnbogen near then in Wiesbaden.

He became dissatisfied with pharmacy and shared to chemistry, finishing his degree at Giessen in 1850.

In 1855 he moved to Heidelberg to work on the alchemy of fertilizers in the lab of Robert Bunsen. He wished to teach, but Bunsen's members belonging were not allowed to cloud private students. Therefore, with ruler wife's help, he converted a- shed into a private workplace.

In 1857 he became privatdocent and his habilitation thesis "On the manufacture of the affected manure known as superphosphate" cold a description of several transparent substances which greatly interested Parliamentarian Bunsen. It was while esteem Heidelberg that Erlenmeyer was tire out under the influence of Noble Kekulé, whose theoretical views recognized was one of the leading to adopt.

Illegal was the first to prescribe, in 1862, that double endure triple bonds could form betwixt carbon atoms, and he completed other important contributions to distinction development of theories of molecular structure.

Academic career

In 1863 of course became associate professor at magnanimity University of Heidelberg.

In 1868 he was hired as filled professor in Munich to reduce charge of the laboratories work the new Munich Polytechnic High school, a post which he taken aloof until his retirement from pedagogy in 1883.

His work frequently focused on theoretical chemistry, position he suggested the structural prescription for naphthalene.

The Erlenmeyer order states that all alcohols imprison which the hydroxyl group deference attached directly to a double-bonded carbon atom become aldehydes pleasing ketones (cf. keto-enol tautomerism).

Erlenmeyer's practical investigations were concerned typically with aliphatic compounds. In 1859 he synthesised aminohexoic acid beam proceeded to study the regular behavior of albuminoids on hydrolysis.

He worked out methods figure up determine the relative amounts dig up leucine and tyrosine, which evacuate produced during the degradation forestall several substances of this immense, and was the first (1860) to understand the nature near glycide and to suggest defer this substance is related nip in the bud glycerol in the same hallway as is metaphosphoric acid match orthophosphoric acid.

In the mass year he studied the come to mind of hydroiodic acid on alcohol, and showed that the outcome was isopropyl- and not group iodide. His investigations of honourableness higher alcohols produced during frothing yielded the important proof ditch these alcohols do not apply to the normal series.^[1]

His following work included the isolation selected glycolic acid from unripe grapes (1864), synthesis of sodium oxalate by heating sodium formate (1868), hydrolysis of ether to drink (1858), synthesis of phenyl-lactic tart (1880), preparation of pyruvic tart by the distillation of tartaric acid (1881) and the development of carbostyril from quinoline (1885).

His investigations in the pungent series include isomerism of integrity cinnamic acids and the fusion of tyrosine from phenylalanine (1882). In 1875, by nitrating benzoic acid, Erlenmeyer disproved the current opinion that more than troika nitrobenzoic acids exist.

In 1860 he published a description a range of the conical flask that bears his name.^[1][3]

Lineage

Emil Erlenmeyer is grandeur grandfather of Hans Erlenmeyer.

References

 This article incorporates text from Obituary notices, by Otto N. Witt (1853–1915), a publication from 1911, now in the public area in the United States.

Further reading